Question- What is the theme of ‘UNESCO Science Report, 2021’?
(1) Race against time for smarter development
(2) Science for humanity
(3) Science for development
(4) Science for sustainable future
Ans. (1)
Related Facts-
- UNESCO Science Report (USR) was published on June 11, 2021 which is entitled as “race against time for smarter development”.
- USR is a flagship publication of UNESCO which is published once every five years.
- It is a report on science, technology and innovation (STI).
- According to report, India has not adopted industry 4.0 technologies and job losses due to automation is not a serious threat now.
- Report highlights, despite some efforts only a few Indian states have made progress on meeting renewable energy targets. USR suggests for incentives to promote use of electric and hybrid vehicles. Report is silent about policies on biofuels or on hydrogen as a source of energy.
- On employment report highlights, job opportunities for science, technology, engineering & medicine (STEM) graduates have not increased. However, employability of STEM graduates has increased to 49% in 2019 from 34% in 2014. It is serious issue because every other graduate is unemployable.
- India has one of the lowest GERD/GDP ratios among the BRICS nations, according to the report.
- The gross domestic expenditure on research (GERD) has been stagnant at 0.7% of the GDP for years, although, in absolute terms, research expenditure has increased.
- India’s research intensity has been declining since 2014.
- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN). It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture.
By- Yogesh Pratap Singh