Detection of Fast Radio Burst

Detection of Fast Radio Burst

Question: Recently an international group of scientists identified the blast as a fast radio burst first time somewhere in the-
a) Andromeda Galaxy
b) Milky Way
c) Sun
d) Whirlpool Galaxy
Answer: (b)
Related Facts:-

  • An international group of scientists identified the blast as a fast radio burst first time somewhere in the Milky Way.
  • On 04 November 2020; an article regarding this discovery was published in the general Nature.
  • Canada’s CHIME telescope was the first to detect the radio burst on April 28, 2020.
  • On the same date NASA also spotted a mixture of X-rays and radio signals (a kind of explosion) in the Milky Way (Milky Way) that had never been seen before.
  • Significantly, this explosion also includes the first event seen within the galaxy, the Fast Radio Burst- FRB.
  • Detection:
  • With NASA’s Wind Mission’ several satellites detected the exploding X-ray part at the same time and the radio component was discovered by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment- CHIME.
  • CHIME is a radio telescope located at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory in British Columbia.
  • CHIME is headed by McGill University in Montreal, University of British Columbia and University of Toronto.
  • NASA-funded project called the Survey for Transient Astronomical Radio Emission 2- STARE2 has also detected the radio explosion (FRB) seen by CHIME.
  • STARE2 is operated by Caltech and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
  • And its team determined that the burst energy was equal to FRBs.
  • What is Fast Radio Burst- FRB:
  • FRBs are bright bursts of radio waves that last in milli-seconds, as a result it is difficult to detect and determine their position in the sky.
  • The first FRB was discovered by scientists in the year 2007.
  • Radio waves can be generated by celestial bodies with changes in magnetic fields.
  • From where these FRB originate:
  • The source of FRB discovered in the Milky Way in April 2020 is a very powerful ‘Magnetic Neutron Star’, referred to as a magnetar.
  • It is called SGR 1935 + 2154 or SGR 1935 which is located in the constellation Vulpecula.
  • It is about 14000 – 41,000 light years away from Earth.
  • The FRB was part of one of Magnetar’s largest explosions, with an X-ray explosion rate of less than a second.
  • On the other hand, the ‘radio explosion’ was in the thousandth of a second Magnetar:
  • Neutron stars having very powerful magnetic field are known as a magnetar.
  • Magnetic field of magnetar can be 10 trillion times stronger than a magnet of the refrigerator and a thousand times stronger than a typical neutron star.
  • Neutron stars are formed when the core of a massive star passes through the phase of gravity and reaches the end of its life.

By – Rajesh Tripathi

Links:-
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/11/mysterious-fast-radio-burst-spotted-milky-way-first-time/